Global Courant
On this day in history, June 26, 1945, the United Nations was formally established with the signing of the UN Charter in San Francisco, California.
Article 111 of the Charter stated: “This Charter, of which the Chinese, French, Russian, English and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the United States of America. Duly certified copies thereof shall be forwarded by that government to the governments of the other signatory states,” the National Archives said.
According to the United Nations official website, the UN Charter was signed by representatives of the 50 countries that attended the United Nations Conference on International Organization in San Francisco.
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Poland, which was not represented, later signed it and became one of the original 51 member states of the UN.
The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of Nations, an organization created under similar circumstances after World War I, multiple sources note.
Live video monitors showed United Nations Ambassador from Russia, Vasily Nebenzya, addressing the UN General Assembly ahead of a vote on a resolution condemning Russia’s illegal referendum in Ukraine, on Wednesday, October 12, 2022, on the headquarters of the UN. (AP Photo/Bebeto Matthews)
As early as 1941, the Allies proposed creating a new international body to keep peace in the post-war world, History.com noted.
The name “United Nations” originated when, in 1941, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt described the countries that fought against the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) in World War II.
“The name was first used officially on January 1, 1942, when 26 states joined the Declaration of the United Nations, pledging to continue their joint war effort and not to make peace separately,” according to the National Archives.
In October 1943, the main Allied powers – Britain, the United States, the USSR and China – met in Moscow for the Moscow Declaration.
This alliance officially declared the need for an international organization to replace the League of Nations, according to History.com.
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That goal was reaffirmed at the Allied conference in Tehran in December 1943, and in August 1944 Britain, the United States, the USSR and China met at the Dumbarton Oaks estate in Washington, D.C., to lay the groundwork for the United Nations.”, that site also stated.
Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi addresses the 77th Session of the United Nations General Assembly at UN Headquarters in New York City in 2022. (REUTERS/Brendan McDermid)
The delegates “drawn out” the shape of the world body over the course of seven weeks, though there was disagreement over membership and voting, it also said.
Compromise was reached by the “Big Three” – the US, Britain and the USSR – at the Yalta Conference in February 1945.
All countries that had signed up to the 1942 United Nations Declaration were invited to the founding conference of the United Nations, History.com noted.
As early as 1941, the Allies proposed creating a new international body to keep peace in the post-war world.
The purpose of the San Francisco Conference, formally known as The United Nations Conference on International Organization, according to The National WWII Museum in New Orleans, was to lay the groundwork and create a framework for the United Nations.
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“There were 850 delegates from 50 countries at the conference – 26 of which had signed the original 1942 United Nations declaration. Thus, at the time of the conference, despite being one of the original signatories, there was no internationally recognized Polish government. of the United Nations Declaration, Poland had no representative at the conference,” the same museum also said.
The United Nations (UN) headquarters in Manhattan, photographed on Sept. 19, 2019. (Spencer Platt/Getty Images)
Poland was later admitted and allowed to be considered an original member, bringing the total number of founding member states to 51, it also notes.
At the end of the San Francisco Conference, on June 25, 1945, the Charter was unanimously adopted at the San Francisco Opera House.
However, the United Nations did not come into existence until Oct. 24, 1945, when the governments of China, France, Britain, the Soviet Union, the United States and a majority of the other signatory states ratified the charter, the museum said.
The date is observed annually as United Nations Day.
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As President Truman said in 1945, the UN Charter is “proof that nations, like men, can voice their differences, face them, and then find common ground on which to stand,” according to the UN’s website. White House.
Today, nearly 200 countries are members of the United Nations General Assembly.
The main organs of the United Nations are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the UN Secretariat, according to the UN’s official website.
The United Nations building with the flags of member countries is shown above. (iStock)
All were established under the UN Charter when the organization was founded in 1945.
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The work of the United Nations relates to these main objectives: to maintain international peace and security, to protect human rights and to provide humanitarian assistance, according to the United Nations’ official website.
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The United Nations is headquartered in New York City.
The organization also has offices in Geneva, Switzerland; Nairobi, Kenya; Vienna Austria; and The Hague in the Netherlands, which is home to the headquarters of the International Court of Justice.
Erica Lamberg is a contributing reporter for Fox News Digital.
