The diplomatic landscape between India and the Maldives is undergoing a seismic shift following the election of Mohamed Muizzu as the new President, challenging the traditionally close ties the Maldives maintained with India. The new government’s departure from ‘India First’ policy, previously championed by ex-President Ibrahim Mohamed Salih, has led to growing tensions. India perceives the change in policies as pro-China and anti-India, prompting a response that has escalated into a public diplomatic tussle.
Election of President Mohamed Muizzu signifies a significant departure from the pro-India stance of his predecessor. New government’s state-centered approach to geopolitics has raised concerns in New Delhi. This departure from the India-centric stance of his predecessor, Ibrahim Mohamed Salih, throws India’s regional influence into flux. This shift challenges the regional influence that India has historically held over the Maldives.
In response to the perceived realignment of Maldivian policies, Indian government, supported by the former President Ibrahim Mohamed Salih, has launched a campaign to tarnish the image of President Muizzu and his government. Salih, despite enjoying Indian support, lost the 2023 elections, and his alignment with India’s efforts to undermine the current administration reflects a strategy to regain political relevance.
The recent controversy stems from Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s tweet promoting Lakhshadweep, an Indian archipelago, as a tourist destination. The tweet, seen by many as a subtle jab at the Maldives, has further strained diplomatic relations. Modi’s choice to belittle the beaches of Maldives in favour of promoting domestic tourism not only lacks diplomatic finesse but also highlights the growing tensions between the two nations.
The Maldives case serves as a textbook example. President Muizzu’s “India Out” campaign and his subsequent China visit were clear signals of Maldives’ desire for strategic autonomy. India’s response, the EaseMyTrip booking suspension, was a blunt instrument aimed at punishing the Maldives for perceived disrespect. This heavy-handed approach, while satisfying national pride in the short term, had potentially disastrous consequences.
India’s reaction to the changing political dynamics in Maldives raises questions about its approach to neighbouring nations’ sovereignty. The attempt to influence and manipulate the political landscape in the Maldives underscores concerns about India’s hegemonic designs in the region. The new Maldivian government’s pursuit of a more independent foreign policy has, unsurprisingly, irked India. India’s assertive behaviour towards Maldives fuels concerns about its regional ambitions. The desire to maintain primacy in the Indian Ocean and limit the influence of other powers like China could lead to a more hegemonic approach. Publicly criticizing and pressuring the Maldivian government undermines trust and damages the image of India as a reliable partner. This could have long-term consequences for regional stability and cooperation. India’s own pursuit of strategic partnerships with countries like Russia raises questions about its commitment to respecting the sovereignty of smaller nations.
South Asia is not a sphere of influence for any one nation. It is a tapestry of diverse cultures, histories, and aspirations. The Maldives saga is a wake-up call. India’s assertive foreign policy must be carefully calibrated to avoid jeopardizing regional peace and prosperity. A more nuanced approach, built on respect, mutual benefit, and inclusivity, is the only way to build a truly stable and prosperous South Asia, where all nations, big and small, can thrive.
India, as a regional power, must adapt to the changing dynamics in its neighbourhood and pursue diplomatic solutions rather than resorting to campaigns that may further strain relations. The Maldives, on the other hand, should emphasize its commitment to an independent foreign policy that prioritizes the nation’s interests while fostering positive regional engagements. The path to resolution lies in dialogue and understanding, paving the way for a stable and collaborative future in the Indian Ocean region.
